Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

• Teeth grinding is one of the most common sleep disorders, affecting at least 8% of adults on a weekly basis
• Half of these sufferers have problems associated with teeth grinding, such as jaw pain, interrupted sleep, or wear of teeth

Symptoms of Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

The grinding has two main effects – damage to teeth and gums, and sleep disruption. Sufferers may wake up in the morning, or during the night, with jaw pain. Grinding that continues for weeks will eventually wear teeth down, cause problems with crowns or fillings, and potentially fracture teeth. Sleep is affected because quantity and quality of sleep is affected, sometimes for the bed partner as well.

Causes of Bruxism

Aside from the sleep disruption that may occur (to the sufferer or their partner), teeth grinding can cause damage to the teeth through wear and fracture. Anyone can suffer but there is a greater risk if you:

• have sleep apnea (80% greater risk)
• snore loudly (40% greater risk)
• have daytime sleepiness (30%)
• are a heavy drinker (80%)
• drink caffeine (40%)
• smoke (30%)
• are stressed or anxious (30%)

Treatment for Bruxism

Clearly as some of the causes of bruxism are lifestyle factors, modification of these could help reduce teeth grinding. Equally treating sleep apnea with a CPAP machine reduces teeth grinding. Many people who know they grind their teeth do not seek medical help – possibly because they are unaware of the damage they could be doing and the direct effect it is having on their sleep.

Aside from treatment of any associated factors, a dentist may suggest a mouth guard. A guard can directly help prevent wear and can limit the ability to grind. Botox treatment to weaken the muscles involved in bruxism has been successfully used but questions remain over long term use.

If you or your partner suspect that you grind your teeth, a visit with your dentist is suggested. Follow-up with your doctor to assess any associated sleep problems is also suggested. Some dentists specialize in sleep problems.

References